Hysterectomy (Uterus Removal)
A hysterectomy is a surgery to remove a woman’s uterus. It is a common treatment option for various gynecological conditions.
There are three main types of hysterectomy procedures:
Partial Hysterectomy
- Only the upper part of the uterus closest to the fallopian tubes is removed in this procedure. The cervix and lower uterus is left intact. This has a shorter recovery time compared to full hysterectomy.
- It is often done to remove non-cancerous uterine growths like fibroids while preserving the ability to bear children. However, increased pregnancy complications can occur after this procedure.
Total Hysterectomy
- This involves surgical removal of the entire uterus including both the body and the cervix. The ovaries may or may not be removed depending on patient factors. Total hysterectomy is the most common type performed.
- Reasons for undergoing this procedure include uterine cancer, endometriosis, adenomyosis, chronic pelvic pain, abnormal bleeding etc. It is the only option for malignancy treatment.
Radical Hysterectomy
- This extensive surgery removes the uterus, cervix, upper vagina and surrounding supportive tissues. Pelvic lymph nodes may also be dissected to test for cancer cells.
- It is primarily done for cancer staging and debulking in advanced cases. The extensive procedure aims to achieve clear margins when cancer has spread beyond the uterus.
Hysterectomy often allows effective treatment of stubborn gynecological diseases. Post-surgery, patients can expect permanent cessation of periods and inability to get pregnant. Discuss all types in detail with your gynecologist to select the optimal approach.
Why is a Hysterectomy Performed?
There are several reasons a doctor may recommend a hysterectomy:
- Fibroids – non-cancerous tumors that cause heavy/painful periods
- Endometriosis – uterine tissue growing outside the uterus causing pelvic pain
- Adenomyosis – uterine tissue growing into muscular walls of the uterus
- Pelvic organ prolapse – when pelvic organs drop into the vagina
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding – heavy, irregular periods
- Chronic pelvic pain – lasting over 6 months
- Gynecological cancers – cervical, uterine, ovarian, etc.
Hysterectomy is a definite treatment for these stubborn conditions when other methods fail. Candidates for Hysterectomy
The surgery may be suggested for females that:
- Do not desire to become pregnant
- Are nearing or past menopause
- Have a family history of gynecological cancers
- Have early-stage gynecological cancer
Have precancerous cell changes
It’s rarely done for women under 30 years or still wishing to bear children unless malignancy warrants it.
Risks and Complications
While hysterectomy is often uncomplicated, possible risks include:
- Infection
- Excess bleeding/blood clots
- Injury to nearby organs
- Premature ovarian failure if ovaries are removed
- Negative emotions since unable to bear children
Proper post-op care reduces these risks. Discuss the pros/cons with your gynecologist to make an informed decision.
For more information or to schedule a consultation regarding Hysterectomy with Dr. Vidhu Khandelwal at Khandelwal Clinic in Mumbai, please contact us today.