Osteoporosis
One in two Indian women and one in eight Indian men above the age of 50 years are estimated to have osteoporosis.
Around 50% of Indian women and about 30% of Indian men in the age group of 50-60 years suffer from osteopenia or low bone mass which can progress to osteoporosis.
What is osteoporosis, and what causes it?
- Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by weakened, brittle bones that are more prone to fractures.
- It occurs when the body loses too much bone, makes too little bone, or both, leading to a decrease in bone density and strength.
- The primary causes of osteoporosis include aging, hormonal changes (such as menopause), inadequate calcium and vitamin D intake, sedentary lifestyle, certain medications, and underlying medical conditions.
What are the risk factors for osteoporosis?
- Age: Risk increases with age, particularly in postmenopausal women and older adults.
- Gender: Women are at higher risk than men, especially after menopause due to decreased estrogen levels.
- Family History: Having a family history of osteoporosis or fractures increases the likelihood of developing the condition.
- Lifestyle Factors: A sedentary lifestyle, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, low body weight, and poor nutrition contribute to bone loss and osteoporosis.
- Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, and hormonal imbalances can increase the risk of osteoporosis.
What are the symptoms of osteoporosis?
- Osteoporosis is often called a “silent disease” because it progresses without symptoms until a fracture occurs.
- Common signs and symptoms include loss of height over time, stooped posture, back pain, fractures (particularly in the spine, hip, or wrist), and decreased mobility.
How is osteoporosis diagnosed?
- Bone Density Testing: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA or DEXA) is the most commonly used test to measure bone density and diagnose osteoporosis.
- Fracture Risk Assessment: Evaluation of risk factors, medical history, and clinical assessment help determine the likelihood of fracture and guide treatment decisions.
What are the treatment options for osteoporosis?
- Lifestyle Modifications: Adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, regular weight-bearing exercise, smoking cessation, moderation of alcohol consumption, and fall prevention strategies are essential for managing osteoporosis.
- Medications: Prescription medications such as bisphosphonates, hormone replacement therapy, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), denosumab, and calcitonin may be prescribed to slow bone loss, increase bone density, and reduce fracture risk.
- Nutritional Supplements: Calcium and vitamin D supplements may be recommended to ensure adequate intake for bone health.
- Physical Therapy: Exercise programs focused on strength, balance, and posture can help improve bone density, muscle strength, and overall function, reducing the risk of falls and fractures.
Schedule a Consultation with Dr. Narayan Khandelwal
If you have a doubt about having this condition or if you are suffering from Osteoporosis, call 9920126404 or book online to schedule a consultation to determine if surgery is appropriate.